What is a Penny Stock?
A Penny Stock is a stock whose shares trade for less than $5. These stocks are a bit risky to invest in, but also have the potential to generate huge gains.

What are some of the Dangers?
One of the greatest dangers of penny stocks is their lack of visibility. Because most of these companies are newly established or small, there is less information about them. This fact requires you to make decisions based on limited information compared to what is available for larger, more established companies in major stock markets. Another great risk is that these stocks can sometimes trade slowly from low liquidity, making it difficult to cash out on your investment.

What are the positives?
By its nature, a penny stock has a lot of potential. That is to say, it has a lot of potential to move either up, down or disappear completely. That being said, there is much more potential for growth than there is for loss. As a result, a good penny stock pick can reap huge returns and give a nice boost to your investment portfolio.

What else should I keep in mind?
Even some of the top penny stocks to buy are not quick, easy money. Despite what anybody tells you, these stocks require great care and educated investment. You should take into account that these shares trade slower than larger shares. Many of the companies selling these penny stocks have high debt loads and are selling stocks to reinvest into the growth of their companies.

Some of this may sound scary. However, with the correct knowledge and prudence, penny stocks can not only be profitable but enjoyable to trade. There is a certain rush that you get from trading in a volatile environment. You also have the opportunity to be part of a someday great company. Many of our largest technology firms were funded in this way. With the correct penny stock guide, you could be well on your way to taking part in the next big venture.

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Chasing a stock is a common mistake you need to be aware of, or your portfolio will take a beaten. This is when a stock had some good news come out and you missed the information when it was first released. In other words, the stock price made some good gains and you didn’t take advantage of the situation. I’ve seen stocks jump in value by over 30% and watch other traders try to guess at if the price would come back down temporarily so they could jump in. As the price goes up, they try to stay near the low end of the trading range, hoping for the pull-back. When the pull-back does come, it comes in the from of profit-taking from other trader and investors that got in on the initial news.

This can also take place over a period of a couple of days where the stock price jumps as much as 100% or better, only to have it come back down to levels of the original price before the move up.

Just because the stock price has moved up in a relative short period, doesn’t mean you should jump in for a quick gain. The traders that do that are very experienced in investing and this practice should be left for them to do. Any stock that you are planning to get into should be one that you’ve researched. You should be very familiar with it’s balance sheets, as well as other financial information in regards to the company. If not, take some time to check out a stock market site for information. You can never do enough research.

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The other day when the stock market went through a correction period, I remembered when I was able to minimize my losses by just dumping everything in the morning hours. Waiting until the “panic” and/or profit taking was finished to get back in to the stocks that I feel had no reason to lose value. It will happen to some great companies that are fundamentally sound when the market as a whole take a dive.

A couple of years ago I was listening to CNBC in the pre-market hours, they were say that things looked pretty grim. I went on to a few message boards as well as many different blogs that expressed the same news. According to the streamer that I use to follow my portfolio, the value of the portfolio had already lost about 2-3% of it’s value. I wasn’t comfortable with the overall message that was being put out there by the many different sources, so I dumped my entire portfolio at the opening bell.

I wasn’t happy about the fact that I did it, but I thought it was the best thing I could do at the time. As the day went on, the DOW, NASDAQ and the S&P 500 all fell another 4% or more. My thoughts were correct and what turned out to be a $2000-$3000 loss, could have been a $10,000 loss instead.

Of course that type of situation doesn’t take place every time the markets look grim in the pre-trading hours, but there will be days where you will see the writing on the proverbial wall. I didn’t like the small loss I did take, but I look back on it now and see that later on when the dust cleared in the final hours of that day, I jumped back in a made that money up and then some.

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If you have Sirius/XM radio, you can listen to the Bloomberg channel and a handful of others for up to date information. As for TV, you can watch CNBC. Their stock market coverage throughout the day is quite informative, but other than these few channels you really don’t have a wide variety of choices.

When it comes to the internet though, there is a ton of resources to get you started and the amount of information is endless. Of course you have a lot of the spammers out there and those who just want you to buy into their program or buy their e-book. Most of these people are not known in the investing community and all they talk about is their own self-proclaimed accomplishments of how they struck it rich.

One person that I would recommend is Jim Cramer, the over-the-top, happily-insane, entertainer and well informed in the investing world, host of Mad Money. He is also the chairman of the stock market website, The Street.com

I have been watching Cramer for as long as he’s been around and I learned a lot of things from him and I personally have made quite a bit of money from his recommendation. Yes, there are times that he will be wrong but when he does, he admits it, which I admire about him.

Jim Cramer is very knowledgeable in the stock market world and I trust his opinions and his techniques in choosing the right stocks. He is more of a fundamentalists analyst than a technical one.

There’s so much more to what Cramer can do for you than just his TV show. His website The Street.com has a few different services available that I know can help increase your knowledge and your portfolio. Action Alerts Plus is one of those programs that will give you the insight into why Cramer picks the stocks he does.

As a member, I receive his e-mails several times a day and they inform me as to what stocks he’s going to buy or sell before he does any trading. I also get a chance to study his portfolio.

The best part is that you can get a FREE two week trial of his service. If you don’t like it and want to cancel, no problem. During the two week FREE trail, you will be able to poke around and see what you need to do to make your portfolio a success.

I’ve been a member for a year and have made some good returns in a down market. With all the different places out there that want to get you to sign up before seeing anything, give Jim Cramer a try for two weeks of FREE and I sure you won’t be disappointed.

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During the time that I was working full-time, I didn’t have time to sit and watch the tickers during the day’s trading hours. I would sit home at night and catch up on the day’s news and do research on the stocks that I was interested in buying. If there were stocks that I decided to buy, I would set up a limit buy order, which was typically lower than the stock’s closing price. The next day after work I would come home to see how my trades went.

After I stopped working for someone else, I started spending more time during the day tracking the activities of the day’s events on Wall Street. I would be able to keep closer tabs on what was going on and react when I thought the time was right and the opportunity was good. I also started to take Jim Cramer more seriously.

I started to notice that my gains weren’t as good as they were when I was working. I wondered what was the problem. I took a little while for me to realize I had changed my trading strategy, without meaning to.  Since I was able to watch the stock market more closely, I was also exposed to the constant fluctuation of the share prices.

For example, let’s say I was researching stock XYZ  and it had a share price at the close of the day of $20.65. I would set the limit order to buy at $20 per share. Since I was at work I never really saw how the price reacted throughout the day. Once the price dropped to my target, the sale would trigger at the point and I would have my shares at the desired price.

When I was home and watching throughout the day, I started to react to the minute by minute moves. Let’s use the same example of stock XYZ. If the price opened up at $21.05 and then for the first hour or so of trading it moved up to $21.35, I would think that others had seen the same good numbers on XYZ and were buying up as quick as possible. I would set a limit order at $21.25 just to grab it a little lower than where it was. Wouldn’t you know that after the stock climbed, it started to descend. It would go down below where it closed the day before and in some cases, go below the original limit order price of $20 per share.

What I was doing is what I refer to as chasing a stock. Chasing a stock will do nothing for you but make you lose profits and wait longer for a turn-a-run after you’re in the hole by a couple of percentage points. Granted, the stock I would get into would go up well above the $25 dollar range and I would still make a profit, but like I said earlier, my profits weren’t as big as before.

If you want to be successful in stock trading, you need to understand your actions first. Many people don’t realize that the individual’s emotional state will totally effect the profitability of your portfolio.

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Our post on Learning From Investing Mistakes to the Carnival Of Money Stories.

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I can sit here and tell you all about my positive and profitable experiences, but how much are you really going to learn by an experience where everything was done right?Those posts, and we have them here, have their place. They inspire and encourage but they don’t teach. That’s why on this site you will see both the positive and negative trades, but more of them will be the ones where I made mistakes and learned a huge lesson in the process.

I’ve said it before and believe me I’ll say it again and again, your emotions have no place in any of your trading decisions. If you think that people make it rich by playing hunches or a vibe that they had, I will tell you one of two things. Either they were very lucky or they are lying through their teeth. No matter what the reason, they took a very big risk.

In 2007 I was trading stocks in Sirius Satellite Radio and I was ahead several thousand dollars. Investors were coming into the stock and I was doing great. In the summer the announcement was made that they were going to merge with XM Satellite Radio to form one company and reduce expenses as well as increase revenue.

What I should have done there was to take my “marbles” and go home, but I figured this was the payday that I was waiting for. I’ve been a big fan of Howard Stern and subscribe to Sirius because of him. That’s where my emotions should have stayed.

Instead I took a position in the company after it dropped from where I sold out of all my shares. When the stock dropped some more because of the FCC delays on allowing the merger to go through, I bought more. At this point I was down 20% from cost basis.
After reading about all the hoopla that was circling the companies, I felt that this was all going to blow over and the stock would blast off. When the stock lost another 15% I had a feeling that this was just some sort of typical game that was being played during a long-dragged down fight between the FCC and the two companies.

At this point I lost all the profits that I made earlier in the year on the stock. I figured that I’ll make it all up once the deal was approved. I decided to buy as the stock fell. Not once, not twice, but three time.  Right after that third time, I realized this was a trade that was controlling me, not the other way around.

I was about to start selling when the news was released that the Department of Justice approved the two companies to merge. The price jumped over 33% and I was back in the green again with the trade. At that point I didn’t think anything was going to stop this from going through and I was going to hit it big.

My emotions got in the way (again) as I watched the politicians play their game in trying to destroy the companies and dragged their feet as we waited for the FCC’s word on the merger.

By the time the approval came from the FCC, the two companies had lost millions of dollars each and was expecting to lose more over the next two quarters. I held on for whatever rallies came and started to trim my position in the stock. Unfortunately by the time I got out of the stock I was down over 35%.

If you’re new to the stock market, try your hand at the free fantasy stock market out there. It might give you the experience you need without losing any money. If I had listened to my brain instead of my feelings, I would have gotten out right after the DOJ’s approval came out. I wouldn’t have made that much money, but I also wouldn’t have lost as much as I did.It’s a lesson I learned the hard way. Keep your emotions out of the stock trade. It’s the only was you will survive.

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The first one is the The Festival Of Stocks, where we submitted Beginner Investing Glossary.

The next two are the 87th edition of the Carnival Of Money Stories and the 88th edition of the Carnival Of Money Stories, where we mistakingly submitted Beginner Investing-Researching Stocks to both editions. (oops-sorry!).

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It’s no different than a child who is growing up and learning about life. When you are new to something, it’s expected that you will make mistakes. The important thing about it is that you learn from those mistakes and move forward. One quote that I keep in mind every time I trade stocks is “Knowledge Is Power”. Knowledge is one thing that no one can take away from you. Once you know it, it’s a tool to be used again and again,  throughout your life.

What you do after you’ve made a mistake is just as important as learning from that mistake.

Let me tell you about my very first trade. I was trying to place an order with TD Ameritrade for 1000 share of a beverage company that had a earnings report coming out the following day. After I clicked on the confirm button, I waited for the transaction to go though. About a minute later the screen change and informed me that my order “timed out”. I didn’t know what had happened. My mentor and I decided that I should place the order again. I went through the steps again and wait for the confirmation, but again the order “timed out”. I went to my portfolio page and according to the page,  my balance was zero. Needless to say I went ahead and for the third time, placed the order, only to have it time out one more time.

My first mistake was that I didn’t call the customer service number to check out what the status was after the first attempt. The second mistake was not to call customer service when it happened again.

One would think that after three attempts to place the order, I would have wised up and called. Yes, you would think that but I proceeded to do it again for the fourth time. When it timed out on that attempt, I finally called to find out what had happened.

The customer service representative informed me that each time that I placed the order it was filled. So now I was the proud owner of 4000 shares of a company that was to be a speculative play. I had 50% of my portfolio money tied up in a stock that if it had a bad earnings report, I could be hit hard since the report wasn’t due to come out until after the close of the day.

The next day I watched the streamer all day long, waiting to see the action throughout the day.

At 3:50pm, ten minutes before the close of the trading day I was up $1 per share. If you do the math, I was up $4000 dollars. I had a bad feeling though and considered dumping the shares and call it a good day, but I didn’t do that.Another mistake. I didn’t listen to my gut instinct. Instead I listened to the advice of my mentor and made the decision to ride it out.

Do I really need to tell you what happened to me in the next 17 hours while I waited for the stock market to open up?

The report came out at 4:05pm and the company missed the street’s (Wall Street analysts) estimates by $0.04. Not only that,  they also stated that their guidance for the next quarter was grim. I watched as the stock price dropped down to my cost basis and continued to go south from there. By the time I was able to sell out of my position, I had lost $12,000.

That was the most expensive lesson I have learned up to this day. I realized that not only did I make one mistake, I made five in in a twenty-six hour period involving the same stock. The reason that I say the “lesson I have learned” is because I’ve never made any of those mistakes again. It’s been years since that trade, but it’s the one I will always remember.

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Earnings reports are quarterly releases that a company will put out to their shareholders to inform them of their progress over a period of time. The period of time is three months (henceforth, quarterly) where the company did business and either made or lost money during that time.
Along with them reporting their past three month performance, they also give guidance to where they believe the company is going.

Wall street analysts who follow the company will put together their estimates as to what they think the company will announce in regards to their earnings. They look at the company’s past report to see if their estimations were correct and also take into consideration what the economy is currently doing. They look at if the company has had a new product come out during that time and how well that product is moving. They will also look at the company’s competitors to see if they are taking business away from them.

After all the information is put together, they release their estimate on what the earning per sharewill be for the company. If the company’s report is in-line with the estimate, it’s looked upon as a good thing providing that the guidance for their next quarter is a favorable one. The company can also, what Wall street refers to as “miss” their earnings report, which means that they made less than what the analyst predicted. When that happens Wall street will look unfavorable towards that and you will see the price of the stock drop and in some cases drop a large amount. If the company “beats” the estimate and gives a great guidance report as well, you will see the price per share jump by a big percentage gain.

This is where you can make some big money within your portfolio.

In the fall of 2007 a company by the name of Research In Motion (NASDAQ:RIMM) was about to release their earnings report. If you’re not familiar with the company, they are the manufacturer of the BlackBerry cell phones. I was following the company for a few months already and knew the the report would be a great one. The company didn’t miss their last four earnings report and their phones were selling like crazy during the summer months.

I went ahead and bought 200 shares of the RIMM stock a couple of days earlier when the priced dropped for just a day and waited for the report. When the report was released, it not only gave a great earnings, but also stated that it would exceed their previous predictions for the next quarter. In that day alone the stock went up $12 per share and continued for to climb for the next two days.

The reason I shared this story with you isn’t to show off, but to let you in on the different ways to make money in the stock market. Like I stated in the beginning of this post, there can be some costly mistakes as well and I’ve lost thousands of dollars in some of my other earnings report plays. The only way that I feel comfortable with trading on the results of earnings reports is during a bull market. My advice is always to do your research and due diligence on every company that you want to invest in.

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